The reason given for the cheque being stopped is an operating factor in cases like these and can complicate the investigation of any allegations of criminal behaviour.
A legitimate trading dispute or a he said-she said situation can cloud the issue, particularly if the person ‘accused’ has no history of criminal behaviour.
The Fraud Act 2006 tidied up some of the more debatable parts of the Theft Act 1968 (and subsequent amendments) so Section 2, Fraud by false representation or Section 11 Obtaining services dishonestly may be of help.
The proof needed to indicate the mens rea (guilty mind) of the person accused of tendering the 'bad' cheque is another matter however – and one not always easy to establish short of an admission - although any factual evidence gained during the investigation, such as antecedent history for like offences or obvious evidence of a poorly conducted bank account (or absence of a bank account), can help to indicate a guilty mind.